Microorganisms isolated from blood cultures in pediatrics clinic

Citation: Dogan M, Ozan Avcı MY, Akkus A, Bulut M (2020) Microorganisms isolated from blood cultures in pediatrics clinic. J Clin Microbiol Biochem Technol 6(1): 001-003. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/jcmbt.000035 increased cancer surgery and organ transplantation, and widespread use of immunosuppressive therapies are some of the risk factors for blood and circulatory system infections [3]. Blood culture is an important diagnostic method used to isolate microorganisms that cause bacteremia and is an important in terms of guiding the treatment [4,5].

control measures, to establish empirical treatment protocols and initiate appropriate treatment [6].
Because of high mortality and morbidity, identifi cation of microorganisms causing sepsis is important for the treatment of the patient. Blood culture is the most valuable test for diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate microorganisms isolated from blood cultures retrospectively. After the children's skin was cleaned with baticon/alcohol, blood was taken with a sterile syringe. The optimal amount of blood in children was considered to be 1-5ml. With a practical approach, 1 ml of blood was taken for every age from children of 1 to 6 years old, and 5ml from older 6 years old.

Materials and methods
Cultures were made with the incubation in automated system (BacT/Allert 3D, BioMerieux, France). Gram staining was made from the vials that gave positive signals during the incubation period and the result was given as preliminary information to the relevant clinic. Samples were then passaged to 5% sheep blood agar and eosin methylene blue (EMB) medium and incubated at 37°C for 24-48hours. Cultured microorganisms were identifi ed by conventional methods and MALDI-TOF MS/VITEC 2 system (BioMerieux, France).

Discussion
Bloodstream infections are the most frequent infections in pediatric patients and one of the most serious and potentially life-threatening infectious diseases. Early diagnosis and therapy are essential for the prevention of morbidity and mortality [7].
In the majority of cases, antimicrobial therapy must be admitted empirically in these patients generally. The accuracy in predicting the pathogen and antimicrobial resistance patterns is crucial for successful therapy [8]. For this reason, it is necessary to know the microorganisms that grow in the hospital. Growing microorganisms vary according to hospitals.
In a study, which researched nosocomial bloodstream Staphylococcus aureus (10.6%), and Acinetobacter spp. (9.2%) [9]. It is reported that S. aureus to be the most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and coagulase-negative staphylococci, respectively in a study [10].
Tao, et al., [14], reported that A. baumannii was the most common microorganism identifi ed, followed by P. aeruginosa (17.2%), K. pneumoniae (11.9%), and S. aureus (11.9%) in patients with device-associated healthcare-associated infections, S. aureus was the most common organism in patients with central line-associated bloodstream infection. Ben Jaballah, et al., [15], reported that S. aureus to be the most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and CNS, respectively in a study from a Tunisia.
As seen in the studies, isolated microorganisms vary according to regions. CNS was reported as highest isolated microorganism some studies [9,11,13]. In this study, the most frequently isolated microorganisms were CNS, but isolation ratio was very high. It can be associated with contamination.
Blood culture is one of the most important tests used in the diagnosis of sepsis. In our laboratory, most commonly, CNS was isolated in blood cultures. Considering that most of these microorganisms were isolated in single blood culture, most of them were thought to be contaminant. Therefore, at least two sets of blood cultures should obtained to be benefi cial to accurate diagnosis. In addition, It should be kept in mind may